Arches: CardioSmart

Arches:CardioSmart

Multi Product Brand Style System by the American College of Cardiology

Basic HTML

Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 10910

2 Basic HTML

The Arches Design System, at its core, is a Utility Class Styling Design. It is built not to prescribe the design of the HTML and components but to paint with classes to create complicated UI without having to create more styles. Arches rely on the browser or branding defaults for basic HTML styling. Below is a kitchen sink of HTML elements so you can see how this variation look without further alteration from adding classes. There is No basic styling around the pure DOM with the utility class only, and there is improved styling as you add Bootstrap or Foundation.

Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 11071

2.1 Basic Typography

Basic Typography is unstyled and relys on the most basic styles from the browser stylesheets so there is less overriding when making UI but it leaves the reading of content text lacking. The overriding styles that are applied to Basic typography is a consistent font treatment (font sizing, font family, and font-weight) and what comes from the baseline frameworks that build the brand.

Example

Default styling

Basic Typography: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.

Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor aenean massa

Cut sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes nascetur ridiculus mus

Donec quam felis ultricies nec pellentesque eu pretium quis sem nlla consequat massa quis enim

Donec pede justo fringilla vel aliquet nec vulputate eget arcu
In enim justo rhoncus ut imperdiet a venenatis vitae justo

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem.

This paragraph is nested inside an article. It contains many different, sometimes useful, HTML5 tags. Of course there are classics like emphasis, strong, and small but there are many others as well. Hover the following text for abbreviation tag: abbr. Similarly, you can use acronym tag like this: ftw. You can define deleted text which often gets replaced with inserted text.

You can also use keyboard text, which sometimes is styled similarly to the <code> or samp tags. Even more specifically, there is a tag just for variables. Not to be mistaken with blockquotes below, the quote tag lets you denote something as quoted text. Lastly don't forget the sub (H2O) and sup (E = MC2) tags.

<h1>Basic Typography: <small>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing
elit.</small></h1>
<h2>Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor aenean massa</h2>
<h3>Cut sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis
parturient montes nascetur ridiculus mus</h3>
<h4>Donec quam felis ultricies nec pellentesque eu
pretium quis sem nlla consequat massa quis enim</h4>
<h5>Donec pede justo fringilla vel aliquet nec vulputate
eget arcu</h5>
<h6>In enim justo rhoncus ut imperdiet a venenatis vitae
justo</h6>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing
elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa.
Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient
montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis,
ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem.</p>
<article><p>This paragraph is nested inside an article. It contains many different, sometimes useful, <a href="https://www.w3schools.com/tags/">HTML5 tags</a>. Of course there are classics like <em>emphasis</em>, <strong>strong</strong>, and <small>small</small> but there are many others as well. Hover the following text for abbreviation tag: <abbr title="abbreviation">abbr</abbr>. Similarly, you can use acronym tag like this: <acronym title="For The Win">ftw</acronym>. You can define <del>deleted text</del> which often gets replaced with <ins>inserted</ins> text.</p><p>You can also use <kbd>keyboard text</kbd>, which sometimes is styled similarly to the <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> or <samp>samp</samp> tags. Even more specifically, there is a tag just for <var>variables</var>. Not to be mistaken with blockquotes below, the quote tag lets you denote something as <q>quoted text</q>. Lastly don't forget the sub (H<sub>2</sub>O) and sup (E = MC<sup>2</sup>) tags.</p></article>
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Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 10920

2.2 Reading Typography

Reading typography is a container class to opt into an override of the basic typography from arches. Basic Typography is un-styled and rely on the most basic styles from the browser stylesheets so there is less overriding when making UI but it leaves reading typography lacking. Most ways typography content is added to a site is devoid of hooks to add styles to an element so work around that restriction and to unified styling across reading experiences the "reading-typography" class is used on the parent container. Please note that the reading typography can still look a bit different look depending on the brand or the framework.

modifier classcustomizationusage
.inherit_colorremoves all color rules from colored typography and sets it to inherit.inverting a block of typography where all text and headlines should be white.
.font-size_upshifts all typography up one font size stepintro blocks of text where the text. Or in articles where you can shift all text up a size.
.font-size_downshifts all typography down one font size step.citation blocks or boiler plate content where the text should be smaller and less impactful.
.links_darkturns all links to the dark color standard.this is used in junction with the .inherit_color class.
.links_lightturns all links to the light color standard.this is used in junction with the .inherit_color class when text is on a dark background.
* there are further advanced features if you want to apply CSS Property Overrides.

Example

Default styling

User Name Log Out

This is the primary heading and there should only be one of these per page

sub heading

A small paragraph to emphasis and show important bits.

  • This is a list item
  • So is this - there could be more
  • Make sure to style list items to:
    • Not forgetting child list items
    • Not forgetting child list items
    • Not forgetting child list items
    • Not forgetting child list items
  • A couple more
  • top level list items

Don't forget Ordered lists:

  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  2. Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.
    1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    2. Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.
  3. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  4. Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

A sub heading which is not as important as the first, but is quite imporant overall

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.

Table Heading Table Heading
table data table data
table data table data
table data table data
table data table data

A sub heading which is not as important as the second, but should be used with consideration

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.

“Ooh - a blockquote! Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus magna. Cras in mi at felis aliquet congue. Ut a est eget ligula molestie gravida. Curabitur massa. Donec eleifend, libero at sagittis mollis, tellus est malesuada tellus, at luctus turpis elit sit amet quam. Vivamus pretium ornare est.”

A sub heading which is not as important as the second, but should be used with consideration

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.


#header h1 a {
    display: block;
    width: 300px;
    height: 80px;
}
A sub heading which is not as important as the second, but should be used with consideration

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.

Definition list
Consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
Consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
This heading plays a relatively small bit part role, if you use it at all

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.

<section class="max-w_65 reading-typography m_auto">
<div class="relative">
	<a target="_blank" href="https://css-tricks.com/almanac/selectors/n/not/"><picture class="w_100">
		<source class="w_100" srcset="https://via.placeholder.com/1440x200.png?text=Desktop+Large+wrapped+link" media="(min-width: 1200px)">
		<source class="w_100" srcset="https://via.placeholder.com/1200x200.png?text=Desktop+wrapped+link" media="(min-width: 1024px)">
		<source class="w_100" srcset="https://via.placeholder.com/768x200.png?text=Tablet+wrapped+link" media="(min-width: 768px)">
		<source class="w_100" srcset="https://via.placeholder.com/600x250.png?text=Mobile+wrapped+link" media="(min-width: 400px)"> <source class="w_100" srcset="https://via.placeholder.com/400x300.png?text=Mobile" media="(min-width: 400px)">
		<img src="https://via.placeholder.com/400x300.png?text=Mobile" class="w_100" alt="">
	</picture></a>
    <div class="absolute b_4 r_4 l_4 b_auto:lg t_4:lg r_4:lg r_4:md l_auto:md b_4:md t_4:md justify_center flex flex_row flex_column:md flex_row:lg gap-x_4 gap-y_4">
        <div class="bg_secondary-2 br_1 br_black-3 br_radius br_solid:lg br_none c_white font_medium font_ui gap-x_3 inline-block inline-flex justify_end m-x_2 p_2:lg p_0 relative shadow_overlap-light">
            <span class="font_bold font_ui self_center vertical-align_middle display_none inline:md p-x_3">User Name</span>
            <a class="btn bg_accent-n1 h:bg_accent-n3 br_solid br_black-2 br_1 c_white  h:c_white uppercase shadow_overlap-light font_ui font_bold" href="#">Log Out <i class="fas fa-sign-out p-l_2"></i></a>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
  <h1>This is the primary heading and there should only be one of these per page</h1>
  <h6>sub heading</h6>
    <p>A small paragraph to <em>emphasis</em> and show <strong>important</strong> bits.</p>
    <ul>
        <li>This is a list item</li>
        <li>So is this - there could be more</li>
        <li>Make sure to style list items to:
            <ul>
                <li>Not forgetting child list items</li>
                <li>Not forgetting child list items</li>
                <li>Not forgetting child list items</li>
                <li>Not forgetting child list items</li>
            </ul>
        </li>
        <li>A couple more</li>
        <li>top level list items</li>
    </ul>
    <p>Don't forget <strong>Ordered lists</strong>:</p>
    <ol>
       <li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.</li>
       <li>Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.
        <ol>
            <li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.</li>
            <li>Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.</li>
        </ol>
        </li>
       <li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.</li>
       <li>Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.
    </li></ol>
    <h2>A sub heading which is not as important as the first, but is quite imporant overall</h2>
    <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.</p>
    <table>
    <thead><tr>
            <th>Table Heading</th>
            <th>Table Heading</th>
        </tr></thead>
        <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td>table data</td>
            <td>table data</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>table data</td>
            <td>table data</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>table data</td>
            <td>table data</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>table data</td>
            <td>table data</td>
        </tr>
    </tbody></table>
    <h3>A sub heading which is not as important as the second, but should be used with consideration</h3>
    <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.</p>
    <blockquote><p>“Ooh - a blockquote! Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus magna. Cras in mi at felis aliquet congue. Ut a est eget ligula molestie gravida. Curabitur massa. Donec eleifend, libero at sagittis mollis, tellus est malesuada tellus, at luctus turpis elit sit amet quam. Vivamus pretium ornare est.”</p></blockquote>
    <h4>A sub heading which is not as important as the second, but should be used with consideration</h4>
    <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.</p>
    <pre><code>
#header h1 a {
    display: block;
    width: 300px;
    height: 80px;
}
</code></pre>
    <h5>A sub heading which is not as important as the second, but should be used with consideration</h5>
    <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.</p>
    <dl>
   <dt>Definition list</dt>
   <dd>Consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
	aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea
	commodo consequat.</dd>
	   <dt>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</dt>
	   <dd>Consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
	aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea
	commodo consequat.</dd>
	</dl>
	<h6>This heading plays a relatively small bit part role, if you use it at all</h6>
    <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu libero sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo.</p>
<section>
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Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 11032

2.2.1 Sample Typography

This text is used as a lorem content in many of our containers.

Example s

.p_4

This is the basic typogrpahy from the browser.

Lorem Ipsum

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Pellentesque sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo. Quisque sit amet est et sapien ullamcorper pharetra. Vestibulum erat wisi, condimentum sed, commodo vitae, ornare sit amet, wisi. Aenean fermentum, elit eget tincidunt condimentum, eros ipsum rutrum orci, sagittis tempus lacus enim ac dui. Donec non enim in turpis pulvinar facilisis. Ut felis.

Header Level 2

  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  2. Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus magna. Cras in mi at felis aliquet congue. Ut a est eget ligula molestie gravida. Curabitur massa. Donec eleifend, libero at sagittis mollis, tellus est malesuada tellus, at luctus turpis elit sit amet quam. Vivamus pretium ornare est.

Header Level 3

  • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  • Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

.reading-typography.p_4

this is the standard styling for typography of reading content

Lorem Ipsum

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Pellentesque sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo. Quisque sit amet est et sapien ullamcorper pharetra. Vestibulum erat wisi, condimentum sed, commodo vitae, ornare sit amet, wisi. Aenean fermentum, elit eget tincidunt condimentum, eros ipsum rutrum orci, sagittis tempus lacus enim ac dui. Donec non enim in turpis pulvinar facilisis. Ut felis.

Header Level 2

  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  2. Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus magna. Cras in mi at felis aliquet congue. Ut a est eget ligula molestie gravida. Curabitur massa. Donec eleifend, libero at sagittis mollis, tellus est malesuada tellus, at luctus turpis elit sit amet quam. Vivamus pretium ornare est.

Header Level 3

  • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  • Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

.reading-typography.font-size_up.p_4

This font increased their sizes across all typography in the container.

Lorem Ipsum

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Pellentesque sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo. Quisque sit amet est et sapien ullamcorper pharetra. Vestibulum erat wisi, condimentum sed, commodo vitae, ornare sit amet, wisi. Aenean fermentum, elit eget tincidunt condimentum, eros ipsum rutrum orci, sagittis tempus lacus enim ac dui. Donec non enim in turpis pulvinar facilisis. Ut felis.

Header Level 2

  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  2. Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus magna. Cras in mi at felis aliquet congue. Ut a est eget ligula molestie gravida. Curabitur massa. Donec eleifend, libero at sagittis mollis, tellus est malesuada tellus, at luctus turpis elit sit amet quam. Vivamus pretium ornare est.

Header Level 3

  • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  • Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

.reading-typography.font-size_down.p_4

This font decreses their sizes across all typography in the container.

Lorem Ipsum

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Pellentesque sit amet quam egestas semper. Aenean ultricies mi vitae est. Mauris placerat eleifend leo. Quisque sit amet est et sapien ullamcorper pharetra. Vestibulum erat wisi, condimentum sed, commodo vitae, ornare sit amet, wisi. Aenean fermentum, elit eget tincidunt condimentum, eros ipsum rutrum orci, sagittis tempus lacus enim ac dui. Donec non enim in turpis pulvinar facilisis. Ut felis.

Header Level 2

  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  2. Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus magna. Cras in mi at felis aliquet congue. Ut a est eget ligula molestie gravida. Curabitur massa. Donec eleifend, libero at sagittis mollis, tellus est malesuada tellus, at luctus turpis elit sit amet quam. Vivamus pretium ornare est.

Header Level 3

  • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
  • Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.

.reading-typography.color_inherit.bg_acc.c_white.p_4.links_light

This removes all color defining styles to make it easer to reverse colors. This sets all typography and borders to inherit their colors.

<div class="[modifier class]">
    <h1>Lorem Ipsum</h1>
    <p><strong>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique</strong> senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. <a href="#random2" target="_blank">Pellentesque</a> sit amet quam egestas semper. <em>Aenean ultricies mi vitae est.</em> Mauris placerat eleifend leo. Quisque sit amet est et sapien ullamcorper pharetra. Vestibulum erat wisi, condimentum sed, <code>commodo vitae</code>, ornare sit amet, wisi. Aenean fermentum, elit eget tincidunt condimentum, eros ipsum rutrum orci, sagittis tempus lacus enim ac dui. <a href="#random">Donec non enim</a> in turpis pulvinar facilisis. Ut felis.</p>
    <h2>Header Level 2</h2>
    <ol>
        <li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.</li>
        <li>Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.</li>
    </ol>
    <blockquote><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus magna. Cras in mi at felis aliquet congue. Ut a est eget ligula molestie gravida. Curabitur massa. Donec eleifend, libero at sagittis mollis, tellus est malesuada tellus, at luctus turpis elit sit amet quam. Vivamus pretium ornare est.</p></blockquote>
    <h3>Header Level 3</h3>
    <ul>
        <li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.</li>
        <li>Aliquam tincidunt mauris eu risus.</li>
    </ul>
    <button class="btn btn-primary">Button</button>
</div>
Copy Code

Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 9694

2.3 Table

Basic Tables with this variation of Arches. Please note that the html can have a different look depending on the brand or the framework the variation is built on.

Tables can have captions now.
PersonNumberThird Column
Someone Lastname900Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo.
Person Name1200Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
Another Person1500Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.
Last One2800Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.

Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 9602

2.4 Basic Inputs

Arches is strongly based on utility classes styling everything so it commonly just builds on either the base of the browser defaults or the defaults of the framework that is built on. This is a kitchen sink of html elements so you can see how this variation will effect html. There is No basic styling around the pure DOM with the utility class only. To get full brand styling use a framework based version of arches.

Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 9634

2.4.1 Inputs UC

Utility Class only build inputs

Example

Default styling

I am legend
I am also legend
<form>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-email">Email address</label> <input type="email" id="example-input-email" placeholder="Enter email"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-password1">Number</label> <input type="number" id="example-input-number" placeholder="Number"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-password">Password</label> <input type="password" id="example-input-password" placeholder="Password"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-search">Search</label> <input type="search" id="example-input-serach" placeholder="Search .."></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-tel">Telephone number</label> <input type="tel" id="example-input-tel" placeholder="Telephone number"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-text">Text</label> <input type="text" id="example-input-text" placeholder="Enter some text here"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-url">Url</label> <input type="url" id="example-input-url" placeholder="Enter a url here"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-color">Color</label> <input type="color" id="example-inupt-color" placeholder="#fff"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-date">Date</label> <input type="date" id="example-input-date" placeholder="date"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-date-time">Date / Time</label> <input type="datetime" id="example-input-date-time" placeholder="date / time"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-date-time-local">Date / Time local</label> <input type="datetime-local" id="example-input-date-time-local" placeholder="date / time local"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-month">Month</label> <input type="month" id="example-input-month" placeholder="Month"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-week">Week</label> <input type="week" id="example-input-week" placeholder="Week"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-input-time">Time</label> <input type="time" id="example-input-time" placeholder="Time"></div>
    <div class="m-b_3"><label class="m-b_3" for="example-select1">Example select</label> <select id="example-select1">
            <option>1</option>
            <option>2</option>
            <option>3</option>
            <option>4</option>
            <option>5</option>
        </select></div>
    <div><label for="example-select2">Example multiple select</label> <select multiple="" id="example-select2">
            <option>1</option>
            <option>2</option>
            <option>3</option>
            <option>4</option>
            <option>5</option>
        </select></div>
    <div><label for="example-textarea">Example textarea</label> <textarea id="example-textarea" rows="3"></textarea></div>
    <div><label for="example-input-file">File input</label> <input type="file" id="example-input-file"></div>
    <fieldset>
        <legend>I am legend</legend>
        <div><label><input type="radio" name="options-radios" id="optionsR-radios1" value="option1" checked=""> Option one is this and that—be sure to include why it's great</label></div>
        <div><label><input type="radio" name="options-radios" id="options-radios2" value="option2"> Option two can be something else and selecting it will deselect option one</label></div>
        <div><label><input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="options-radios3" value="option3" disabled=""> Option three is disabled</label></div>
    </fieldset>
    <fieldset>
        <legend>I am also legend</legend><label for="checkbox-demo-1"><input type="checkbox" id="checkbox-demo-1"> Check me out</label> <label for="checkbox-demo-2"><input type="checkbox" id="checkbox-demo-2"> Or check me out</label>
    </fieldset>
    <div>
        <button type="button" name="button">Button</button>
        <input type="button" name="input" value="Input Button">
        <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit Button">
        <input type="reset" name="reset" value="Reset Button">
    </div>
</form>
Copy Code

Source: dist/css/cardiosmart_boot.css, line 9611

2.4.2 Text Inputs

Bellow is the comparison of using the basic Html input types with the utility classes only vs using the bootstrap pattern for the input.

Example

Default styling

Utility Class

Bootstrap

<div class="flex_row flex gap-x_5">
	<div class="flex_auto">
		<h3>Utility Class</h3>
		<label for="example-input-email" class='m-b_3'>Email address</label>
		<input type="email" id="example-input-email" placeholder="Enter email"/>
	</div>
	<div class="flex_auto">
		<h3>Bootstrap</h3>
		<label for="exampleFormControlInput1" class="form-label">Email address</label>
		<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleFormControlInput1" placeholder="name@example.com"/>
	</div>
</div>
Copy Code

Example

Default styling

Article Title

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular disease estimated to affect >1.5 million people in the U.S., with a yearly incidence of about 200,000 and >300,000 patients in the U.S and Europe, respectively.1 Stated another way, a clinically significant form of this valvular disease affects 4% (or 1 in 25) of patients ages 75 and older.2

Despite the current guidelines favoring early tricuspid valve repair, especially when undergoing concomitant left-sided cardiac surgery, most patients with TR receive lifetime medical therapy until intractable right-sided heart failure (HF) and end-organ dysfunction appear.1 In recent years, multiple studies have drawn attention to the poor prognosis of untreated TR, and demonstrated a clear tendency of excess mortality in patients with increasing severity of TR, highlighting the need for interventional options to improve outcomes.3

Bill Weintraub, MD, MACC
Bill Weintraub, MD, MACC
The future of medicine is increasingly in the hands of those who are effective users of clinical data. Bill Weintraub, MD, MACC

TR associated with left-sided valvular or myocardial disease is often a marker for late-stage chronic HF with limited treatment options and an unfavorable overall prognosis. However, isolated TR is also independently associated with excess mortality if left untreated. Thus, TR represents an important public health problem with an unmet clinical need.

Surgical approaches, either repair or replacement, have been shown to carry a high risk of in-hospital mortality, reaching 10%, without significant improvement over the past 10 years.4 As transcatheter interventional options for valvular heart disease continue to expand, transcatheter tricuspid valve repair through leaflet approximation or annuloplasty has been investigated.

Despite studies showing promising results with greater survival and freedom from HF rehospitalization compared with conservative management, its use can be limited by anatomical infeasibility such as large leaflet coaptation gap, perforation, significant leaflet tethering with dense chordae, and leaflet impingement with a cardiac implantable electronic device lead.

A myriad of investigational transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) devices have emerged as an alternative to surgery and to address this outstanding need, with promising early results related to safety, efficacy and improvements in patients' functional status and quality of life.

Orthotopic Valve Replacement

Orthotopic TTVR is a form of valve replacement performed by implanting a bioprosthetic valve on an existing tricuspid annulus, in a fashion similar to how it is performed in transcatheter aortic or mitral valve replacement. Several investigational devices are available with a variety of access and anchoring systems.

EVOQUE

The EVOQUE system (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) is a self-expanding bovine pericardial valve mounted on a nitinol frame with a fabric skirt delivered through a transfemoral approach. The perimeter is surrounded by nine anchors that allow stabilization through anchoring to the annulus, leaflets and chords of the tricuspid apparatus. Its compassionate use in 27 patients with severe symptomatic TR at inoperable or high surgical risk has demonstrated 92% success with no periprocedural mortality.5

The reduction in TR remained excellent at one year (≤moderate in 96% and ≤mild in 87%) with sustained symptomatic improvement (NYHA I/II in 69% compared with 11% at baseline).5 All-cause death and HF hospitalization at one year were both at 7% without any deaths being identified as device-related. An early feasibility trial of this device, TRISCEND, is ongoing with an early report of 56 patients demonstrating a similar success rate, reduction in TR and symptomatic improvement.6

Lux-Valve

The Lux-Valve (Jenscare Biotechnology Co., Ningbo, China) is a bovine pericardium valve with a self-expanding nitinol atrial disc, self-adaptive fabric skirt, two graspers and an interventricular septal anchor. It is deployed via a minimally invasive right thoracotomy and transatrial approach. First-in-human experience including 31 patients reported a 100% technical success rate with TR reduction to ≤moderate and ≤mild in 100% and 85.2%, respectively at one year. Symptomatic improvement has persisted at one year with 82.8% maintaining NYHA I/II and a 96.8% survival rate.7 A study investigating the second-generation LuX-Valve Plus delivered through transjugular access is currently underway (NCT05436028).

GATE

The GATE (NaviGate Cardiac Structures, Inc., Lake Forest, CA) device was the first TTVR performed and is composed of an equine pericardium tricuspid valve mounted on a nitinol alloy stent. Twelve right ventricular tines grasp the native leaflets and 12 right atrial winglets covered by microfiber polyester cloth provide a seal. It is delivered through a right thoracotomy and transatrial access. An early study including five patients reported 100% technical success, with all patients demonstrating TR reduction to ≤mild; however, one patient died before discharge.8

Prominent Stressors For CVD Among LGBTQIA+ Adults

Excess cardiovascular disease risk is associated with three categories of stressors, as described by the Minority Stress Model: psychosocial (depression, anxiety, stress); behavioral (diet quality, physical activity, substance use); and physiological (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, chronic inflammation, autonomic nervous system dysfunction).4

Structural/institutional stressors are also in place. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey 2014-2017 found a higher rate of poverty in LGBT people compared with cisgender heterosexual people vs. 15.7%, respectively).9

In 2018, a large portion of LGBTQIA+ individuals lived in states that did not have public accommodation (hospitals and schools) and employment nondiscrimination laws.10

For many transgender individuals, employee-sponsored health insurance is often not an option. Many employee-sponsored health insurance programs do not acknowledge partners or spouses with gender identities that align with the insured. More than two-thirds of gender minority adults report having experienced some form of discrimination from clinicians (including the use of abusive language). Roughly a quarter of transgender individuals have been denied health care by clinicians.11

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

The data on cardiovascular health in LGBTQIA+ adults are limited because of a lack of research and challenges with study design. In terms of cardiovascular disease risk factors, the use of tobacco products is more likely among LGBTQIA+ adults than cisgender heterosexual adults.12 Alcohol and illicit drug use disorder, poor mental health and elevated body mass index are greater risk factors among sexual minority women than heterosexual women.13 Current studies also suggest that decreased sleep duration, which has been associated with higher rates of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, was higher among sexual minority women compared with heterosexual women.14

Cardiovalve

The Cardiovalve (Venus Medtech Inc., Hangzhou, China) is deployed through transfemoral access and consists of a bovine pericardial leaflet mounted on a dual nitinol atrial and ventricular frame creating 24 grasping points for anchoring. The atrial portion of the frame has a covered flange to allow sealing to prevent paravalvular leak. Its compassionate use has been reported in 15 patients demonstrating significant reduction in TR to ≤moderate in 100% and ≤mild in 8% at 30 days.9 An early feasibility study is currently underway (NCT04100720).

Intrepid

The Intrepid (Medtronic Plc, Minneapolis, MN) is a transfemoral system with a bovine pericardial valve housed within a nitinol dual stent frame. Early experience with three patients reported technical success in all, and an early feasibility study is currently recruiting patients with a goal to include 15 patients (NCT04433065).10

Hiroki Ueyama, MD
Isida Byku, MD, FACC

This article was authored by Hiroki Ueyama, MD, and Isida Byku, MD, FACC, from the Division of Cardiology, Emory Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital Midtown, in Atlanta, GA.

References

  1. Asmarats L, Puri R, Latib A, Navia JL, Rodés-Cabau J. Transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions: Landscape, challenges, and future directions. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018;71:2935-56.
  2. Topilsky Y, Maltais S, Medina Inojosa J, et al. Burden of Tricuspid regurgitation in patients diagnosed in the community setting. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019;12:433-42.
  3. Taramasso M, Benfari G, van der Bijl P, et al. Transcatheter versus medical treatment of patients with symptomatic severe tricuspid regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019;74:2998-3008.
  4. Dreyfus J, Flagiello M, Bazire B, et al. Isolated tricuspid valve surgery: Impact of aetiology and clinical presentation on outcomes. Eur Heart J 2020;41:4304-17.
  5. Webb JG, Chuang AM, Meier D, et al. Transcatheter Tricuspid valve replacement with the evoque system: 1-year outcomes of a multicenter, first-in-human experience. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2022;15:481-91.
  6. Kodali S, Hahn RT, George I, et al. Transfemoral tricuspid valve replacement in patients with tricuspid regurgitation: TRISCEND study 30-Day results. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2022;15:471-80.
  7. Modine T. Transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement with the LuX-Valve system 1-Year results of a multicenter FIH experience. Presented at TVT 2022, June 8, 2022.
  8. Hahn RT, George I, Kodali SK, et al. Early Single-site experience with transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019;12:416-29.
  9. Fam NP. Cardiovalve TTVR update. Presented at TVT 2022, June 8, 2022.
  10. Bapat VN. The INTREPID Valve for severe tricuspid regurgitation: First-in-man case experience. Presented at TCT 2020.
  11. Lauten A, Figulla HR, Unbehaun A, et al. Interventional treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation: Early clinical experience in a multicenter, observational, first-in-man study. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2018;11:e006061.
  12. Dreger H, Mattig I, Hewing B, et al. Treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation in patients with advanced heart failure with CAval Vein Implantation of the Edwards Sapien XT VALve (TRICAVAL): a randomised controlled trial. EuroIntervention 2020;15:1506-13.
  13. Lauten A, Doenst T, Hamadanchi A, Franz M, Figulla HR. Percutaneous bicaval valve implantation for transcatheter treatment of tricuspid regurgitation: clinical observations and 12-month follow-up. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2014;7:268-72.
  14. Wild MG, Lubos E, Cruz-Gonzalez I, et al. Early clinical experience with the TRICENTO bicaval valved stent for treatment of symptomatic severe tricuspid regurgitation: A multicenter registry. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2022;15:e011302.
  15. Lurz P, von Bardeleben R, Weber M, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for treatment of tricuspid regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021;77:229-39.
  16. Hahn RT. Transcatheter tricuspid valve repair:CLASP TR study one-year results. . Presented at EuroPCR 2022.
  17. Kodali S, Hahn RT, Eleid MF, et al. Feasibility study of the transcatheter valve repair system for severe tricuspid regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021;77:345-56.
  18. Zack CJ, Fender EA, Chandrashekar P, et al. National trends and outcomes in isolated tricuspid valve surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;70:2953-60.
<div id="reading-typography" class="reading-typography">
	<h1>Article Title</h1>
	<p>Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular disease estimated to affect &gt;1.5 million people in the U.S., with a yearly incidence of about 200,000 and &gt;300,000 patients in the U.S and Europe, respectively.<sup>1</sup> Stated another way, a clinically significant form of this valvular disease affects 4% (or 1 in 25) of patients ages 75 and older.<sup>2</sup></p>
	<p>Despite the current guidelines favoring early tricuspid valve repair, especially when undergoing concomitant left-sided cardiac surgery, most patients with TR receive <a href="#">lifetime medical</a> therapy until intractable right-sided heart failure (HF) and end-organ dysfunction appear.<sup>1</sup> In recent years, multiple studies have drawn attention to the poor prognosis of untreated TR, and demonstrated a clear tendency of excess mortality in patients with increasing severity of TR, highlighting the need for interventional options to improve outcomes.<sup>3</sup></p>
	<div class="aspect_1x1 font_0 max-w_25 relative float_right">
		<div class="absolute flex flex_row l_0">
			<div class="max-w_5">
				<img src="https://www.acc.org//-/media/Non-Clinical/Images/2022/10/CARDIOLOGY/22/Weintraub-Bill-600x600.jpg" alt="Bill Weintraub, MD, MACC" class="br_3 br_accent br_circle br_solid m-b_2 shadow_overlap-bold w_100">
			</div>
			<div class="m-l_n4 max-w_5">
				<img src="https://www.acc.org//-/media/Non-Clinical/Images/2022/10/CARDIOLOGY/22/Weintraub-Bill-600x600.jpg" alt="Bill Weintraub, MD, MACC" class="br_3 br_accent br_circle br_solid m-b_2 shadow_overlap-bold w_100">
			</div>
		</div>
		<div class="circle__inner">
			<div class="aspect_1x1 bg_acc br_circle circle__content circle__wrapper grid items_center justify_center p_4 radial-gradient_custom" style="--origin: at center;">
				<div class="c_white flex flex_column gap-y_4 p-x_5 p-y_4 text_center">
					<i class="c_accent fa-quote-left fas font-size_up-2 m-b_n2"></i><span class="font-size_up lh_2">The future of medicine is increasingly in the hands of those who are effective users of clinical data.</span><i class="c_accent fa-quote-right fas font-size_up-2 m-t_n2"></i>
					<cite class="font-size_down text_right">– <strong>Bill Weintraub, MD, MACC</strong></cite>
				</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
	<p>TR associated with left-sided valvular or myocardial disease is often a marker for late-stage chronic HF with limited treatment options and an unfavorable overall prognosis. However, isolated TR is also independently associated with excess mortality if left untreated. Thus, TR represents an important public health problem with an unmet clinical need.</p>
	<p>Surgical approaches, either repair or replacement, have been shown to carry a high risk of in-hospital mortality, reaching 10%, without significant improvement over the past 10 years.<sup>4</sup> As transcatheter interventional options for valvular heart disease continue to expand, transcatheter tricuspid valve repair through leaflet approximation or annuloplasty has been investigated.</p>
	<p>Despite studies showing promising results with greater survival and freedom from HF rehospitalization compared with conservative management, its use can be limited by anatomical infeasibility such as large leaflet coaptation gap, perforation, significant leaflet tethering with dense chordae, and leaflet impingement with a cardiac implantable electronic device lead.</p>
	<p>A myriad of investigational transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) devices have emerged as an alternative to surgery and to address this outstanding need, with promising early results related to safety, efficacy and improvements in patients' functional status and quality of life.</p>
	<h3>Orthotopic Valve Replacement</h3>
	<p>Orthotopic TTVR is a form of valve replacement performed by implanting a bioprosthetic valve on an existing tricuspid annulus, in a fashion similar to how it is performed in transcatheter aortic or mitral valve replacement. Several investigational devices are available with a variety of access and anchoring systems.</p>
	<h3>EVOQUE</h3>
	<p>The EVOQUE system (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) is a self-expanding bovine pericardial valve mounted on a nitinol frame with a fabric skirt delivered through a transfemoral approach. The perimeter is surrounded by nine anchors that allow stabilization through anchoring to the annulus, leaflets and chords of the tricuspid apparatus. Its compassionate use in 27 patients with severe symptomatic TR at inoperable or high surgical risk has demonstrated 92% success with no periprocedural mortality.<sup>5</sup></p>
	<p>The reduction in TR remained excellent at one year (≤moderate in 96% and ≤mild in 87%) with sustained symptomatic improvement (NYHA I/II in 69% compared with 11% at baseline).<sup>5</sup> All-cause death and HF hospitalization at one year were both at 7% without any deaths being identified as device-related. An early feasibility trial of this device, TRISCEND, is ongoing with an early report of 56 patients demonstrating a similar success rate, reduction in TR and symptomatic improvement.<sup>6</sup></p>
	<h3>Lux-Valve</h3>
	<p>The Lux-Valve (Jenscare Biotechnology Co., Ningbo, China) is a bovine pericardium valve with a self-expanding nitinol atrial disc, self-adaptive fabric skirt, two graspers and an interventricular septal anchor. It is deployed via a minimally invasive right thoracotomy and transatrial approach. First-in-human experience including 31 patients reported a 100% technical success rate with TR reduction to ≤moderate and ≤mild in 100% and 85.2%, respectively at one year. Symptomatic improvement has persisted at one year with 82.8% maintaining NYHA I/II and a 96.8% survival rate.<sup>7</sup> A study investigating the second-generation LuX-Valve Plus delivered through transjugular access is currently underway (NCT05436028).</p>
	<h3>GATE</h3>
	<p>The GATE (NaviGate Cardiac Structures, Inc., Lake Forest, CA) device was the first TTVR performed and is composed of an equine pericardium tricuspid valve mounted on a nitinol alloy stent. Twelve right ventricular tines grasp the native leaflets and 12 right atrial winglets covered by microfiber polyester cloth provide a seal. It is delivered through a right thoracotomy and transatrial access. An early study including five patients reported 100% technical success, with all patients demonstrating TR reduction to ≤mild; however, one patient died before discharge.<sup>8</sup></p>
	<div class="c_white color_inherit float_right lh_2 linear-gradient_custom m-l_5:md m-t_0:md m-y_5 p_4 reading-typography w_100 w_55:md" style="--start-color:hsl(315deg 67% 37%);--end-color:hsl(292deg 68% 24%);">
		<h2>Prominent Stressors For CVD Among LGBTQIA+ Adults</h2>
		<p>Excess cardiovascular disease risk is associated with three categories of stressors, as described by the Minority Stress Model: psychosocial (depression, anxiety, stress); behavioral (diet quality, physical activity, substance use); and physiological (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, chronic inflammation, autonomic nervous system&nbsp;dysfunction).<sup>4</sup></p>
		<p>Structural/institutional stressors are also in&nbsp;place. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey 2014-2017 found a higher rate of poverty in LGBT people compared with cisgender heterosexual people <a href="#21.pdf" target="_blank"> vs. 15.7%,&nbsp;respectively</a>).<sup>9</sup></p>
		<p>In 2018, a large portion of LGBTQIA+ individuals lived in states that did not have public accommodation (hospitals and schools) and employment nondiscrimination laws.<sup>10</sup></p>
		<p>For many transgender individuals, employee-sponsored health insurance is often not an option. Many employee-sponsored health insurance programs do not acknowledge partners or spouses with gender identities that align with the insured. More than two-thirds of gender minority adults report having experienced some form of discrimination from clinicians (including the use of abusive language). Roughly a quarter of transgender individuals have been denied health care by clinicians.<sup>11</sup></p>
		<h3>Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors</h3>
		<p>The data on cardiovascular health in LGBTQIA+ adults are limited because of a lack of research and challenges with study design. In terms of cardiovascular disease risk factors, the use of tobacco products is more likely among LGBTQIA+ adults than cisgender heterosexual adults.<sup>12</sup> Alcohol and illicit drug use disorder, poor mental health and elevated body mass index are greater risk factors among sexual minority women than heterosexual women.<sup>13</sup> Current studies also suggest that decreased sleep duration, which has been associated with higher rates of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, was higher among sexual minority women compared with heterosexual women.<sup>14</sup></p>
	</div>
	<h3>Cardiovalve</h3>
	<p>The Cardiovalve (Venus Medtech Inc., Hangzhou, China) is deployed through transfemoral access and consists of a bovine pericardial leaflet mounted on a dual nitinol atrial and ventricular frame creating 24 grasping points for anchoring. The atrial portion of the frame has a covered flange to allow sealing to prevent paravalvular leak. Its compassionate use has been reported in 15 patients demonstrating significant reduction in TR to ≤moderate in 100% and ≤mild in 8% at 30 days.<sup>9</sup> An early feasibility study is currently underway (NCT04100720).</p>
	<h3>Intrepid</h3>
	<p>The Intrepid (Medtronic Plc, Minneapolis, MN) is a transfemoral system with a bovine pericardial valve housed within a nitinol dual stent frame. Early experience with three patients reported technical success in all, and an early feasibility study is currently recruiting patients with a goal to include 15 patients (NCT04433065).<sup>10</sup></p>
	<div class="br-t_4 br_acc br_solid clear_both m-b_4">
		<div class="row m-t_1">
			<div class="col-sm-2 p-t_2">
				<img src="https://www.acc.org//-/media/Non-Clinical/Images/2022/11/CARDIOLOGY/24/Ueyama-Hiroki-600x600.jpg" alt="Hiroki Ueyama, MD" class="w_100 br_circle">
			</div>
			<div class="col-sm-2 p-t_2">
				<img src="https://www.acc.org//-/media/Non-Clinical/Images/2022/11/CARDIOLOGY/24/Byku-Isida-600x600.jpg" alt="Isida Byku, MD, FACC" class="w_100 br_circle">
			</div>
			<div class="col-sm-8">
				<p>This article was authored by <strong>Hiroki Ueyama, MD</strong>, and <strong>Isida Byku, MD, FACC</strong>, from the Division of Cardiology, Emory Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital Midtown, in Atlanta, GA.</p>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
	<h2>References</h2>
	<ol>
		<li>Asmarats L, Puri R, Latib A, Navia JL, Rodés-Cabau J. Transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions: Landscape, challenges, and future directions. <em>J Am Coll Cardiol</em> 2018;71:2935-56.</li>
		<li>Topilsky Y, Maltais S, Medina Inojosa J, et al. Burden of Tricuspid regurgitation in patients diagnosed in the community setting. <em>JACC Cardiovasc Imaging</em> 2019;12:433-42.</li>
		<li>Taramasso M, Benfari G, van der Bijl P, et al. Transcatheter versus medical treatment of patients with symptomatic severe tricuspid regurgitation. <em>J Am Coll Cardiol</em> 2019;74:2998-3008.</li>
		<li>Dreyfus J, Flagiello M, Bazire B, et al. Isolated tricuspid valve surgery: Impact of aetiology and clinical presentation on outcomes. <em>Eur Heart J</em> 2020;41:4304-17.</li>
		<li>Webb JG, Chuang AM, Meier D, et al. Transcatheter Tricuspid valve replacement with the evoque system: 1-year outcomes of a multicenter, first-in-human experience. <em>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</em> 2022;15:481-91.</li>
		<li>Kodali S, Hahn RT, George I, et al. Transfemoral tricuspid valve replacement in patients with tricuspid regurgitation: TRISCEND study 30-Day results. <em>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</em> 2022;15:471-80.</li>
		<li>Modine T. Transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement with the LuX-Valve system 1-Year results of a multicenter FIH experience. Presented at TVT 2022, June 8, 2022.</li>
		<li>Hahn RT, George I, Kodali SK, et al. Early Single-site experience with transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement. <em>JACC Cardiovasc Imaging</em> 2019;12:416-29.</li>
		<li>Fam NP. Cardiovalve TTVR update. Presented at TVT 2022, June 8, 2022.</li>
		<li>Bapat VN. The INTREPID Valve for severe tricuspid regurgitation: First-in-man case experience. Presented at TCT 2020.</li>
		<li>Lauten A, Figulla HR, Unbehaun A, et al. Interventional treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation: Early clinical experience in a multicenter, observational, first-in-man study. <em>Circ Cardiovasc Interv</em> 2018;11:e006061.</li>
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